A heart of pure loyalty

to die without regrets (idiom); to sacrifice oneself without hesitation

it is the same with

substitute one tyrant with another

a carbuncle neglected becomes the bane of your life―leaving evil unchecked spells ruin

thin coat, meager food (idiom); life of wretched poverty; destitute

make a fresh start together with the whole nation(give the people a new deal)

serve as a modest spur to induce somebody to come forward

be very pleased with oneself(elated; smug; complacent)

lit. not even one stroke is negligent (idiom); fig. to write characters (calligraphy) in which every stroke is placed perfectly

rise to the occasion

small gains

packs off and leaves an obligation

Outstanding figures

Weak

be ready to go into action in their hundreds

know nothing at all

as like as two peas

ignorant

half belief