train people to know what is shameful and therefore fight bravely on the battlefield

Like a river

complain about this and that

feathers of birds and scales and dorsal fin of fish

commitment to literature

memorial to the emperor

a beautiful girl wearing flowers in her hair

dare not look up

as beautiful as the jade ornament of a cap

cannot explain or find out why(unable to search to the bottom)

fall of all trees and collapse of Mount Tai

associate with trees and stones(keep stones company)

Horse hair anchor

ignobly lead an extravagant life

appeal at the risk of death

The family has declined in prosperity.

without a parallel(without equal)

have good sight and an exquisite sense of hearing(make it clear and understood)

Sing of jade

On every stick of wheat are growing two ears