enumerate(either the first or second)

be so jammed as to be impassable(be watertight that not even a drop of water could trickle through)

arouse admiration

in a hurried and rehement manner

the three cardinal guides (ruler guides subject, father guides son and husband guides wife) and the five constant virtues

beat one's brains(puzzle oneself about)

Different roads lead to the same goal.

be done to perfection

unprecedented in history

charge at the head of one's men

memorize by rote(cram up)

in knots(in groups of threes and fives)

see how matters stand

be too wicked to be pardoned

be utterly discredited

noble and far-reaching(last forever as the high mountains and long rivers)

One's words were simple but profound.

Circumstances change with the apssage of time.

attend to everything personally

wander about the world