poor but filial

after one's own heart

The nation is at peace and the harvests of the five grains are plentiful.

eventful years(extraordinary years)

What the heart wishes one's hands accomplish

manners and morals of the time

have diarrhoea(have loose bowels and vomit)

Lush Southern-type fields north of the Great Wall

things change with time

trim one's sails to the wind(tack with the wind)

survival of the fittest(the survival of the fittest)

wait for gains as one who stands by a tree stump waiting for more hares to come and dash themselves

expertly in making money(have a Midas touch)

after all

very easy

regard something as of no importance(regard casually)

quench one's thirst by speaking of plums

have everything in readiness

the Confucian classics

be ground to dust